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Fan hydroponics is planting plants without soil. Roots grow in air that must be kept very humid or in water that must be well ventilated or in some solid material other than soil that holds moisture.

The water around the roots, which supplies the food needed by the plant, contains a balanced combination of nutrients. At present, the mixture of cocopeat and perlite is used as the main substrate with different percentages for different greenhouse products in our country. .
Hydroponic cultivation allows us to have more yield for less work and less time. In this method, the plant grows in water, rich in nutrients. However, hydroponics can be used as a method for growing plants in other dense environments, such as tree bark mixtures, without soil. In this system, no weeds grow and the plants resulting from this method are usually healthier and earlier and occupy less space.

The general characteristics of a hydroponic culture environment are:
1- It should be chemically neutral
2- It is also chemically stable
3- It should be clean and preferably sterile
4- Sufficient water storage capacity
5- Sufficient air storage capacity
6- In addition to being able to drain the water easily and in a favorable way, it should not cause problems caused by waterlogging.
7- It has a good buffering capacity. This depends on the ability of the culture medium to withstand changes in pH
8- Preferably, it is better that its cation exchange capacity undergoes minimal changes

The basis of the hydroponic system is water, so this system can be completely automatic. In this system, you can grow various products such as: cucumber, tomato, cabbage, lettuce, all kinds of herbs, watermelon, spinach, all kinds of peppers, eggplant, flowers and ornamental plants, especially orchids, roses, gerbera, alstroemeria, lilium and even all kinds of plants. Valuable medicine and produced many products easily.

Hydroponic cultivation of crops is a wonderful and very good technology for seed germination.

Advantages of hydroponic cultivation
1- saving time and requiring less labor; Because in hydroponic cultivation, there is no need to prepare soil bed and weeding weeds, etc.
2- Removing soil as a result of removing diseases and reducing water pollution
3- Optimum use of water because no water is wasted and there are no weeds that use water.
4- Planting plants with higher density and as a result more production
5- Due to the absence of soil and weeds, agricultural operations are easier
6- By removing the soil, the pests in the soil are also removed
7- It is much easier to control environmental conditions, including light, temperature, humidity and air composition
8- It is used where there is no suitable soil or the soil is suffering from some diseases
9- For areas where land is expensive, it is used to obtain the most products with high density.
10- Using special formulas for each greenhouse product and precise and easy control of nutrients available to the roots
11- Chemical control of the root zone is easy
12- It is possible to grow plants in all places
13- The possibility of continuous cultivation of a certain plant in a fixed land without the need for fallow.
14- Unification of irrigation and fertilization
15- Reducing the incidence of organic and parasitic plant diseases